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Fake News, Propaganda, and Disinformation: Learning to Critically Evaluate Media Sources

"Everyone is entitled to his own opinion, but not his own facts." -- Daniel Patrick Moynihan, Newsweek, 25 August 1986, p. 27.

Challenge Respectfully

"The problem with fake news is the cultural narrative that it supports. The worst kind of fake news gets people discussing the implications of something that just isn't true. So the right kind of solution should be cultural.

We need to foster norms of discourse in which it's OK to challenge what others say without the conversation immediately devolving into invective. The most effective lab meetings are like that: If someone disagrees with the presenter, they say so (politely). And by doing so, they might be saving the presenter from embarrassment in a more public forum. A community that encourages individuals to point out when statements are false (or unclear or vacuous) benefits everybody by helping discern the truth." [emphasis added]

-- Stephen Sloman, cited in Tania Lombrozo, “Opinion: The Psychology of Fake News,” 27 March 2018, National Public Radio.